COUNTY POPULATION
The population of Monmouth County was estimated by the Census Bureau at 635,285 residents as of July 2006. That was a decrease of 0.1 percent from a year earlier but 3.2 percent above the 2000 Census.
Net international migration data understate the impact of immigration, because the children born to immigrants after their arrival are recorded as domestic population change -- not part of the immigrant settlement data.
According to the 2006 Census Bureau estimate, Monmouth County's population had increased since July 2000 despite a loss from net domestic migration (an annual average of about 970 more native-born residents leaving than arriving). This was offset by natural change (an annual average of about 2,385 more births than deaths) and net international migration (an annual average of about 2,095 more foreign-born residents arriving than leaving). Therefore, immigration was the second largest component of population change, and it accounted directly for nearly two-thirds (66%) of the County’s population increase.
The 2000 Census recorded 615,301 residents in the County. This was an 11.2 percent increase from the 553,124 residents in 1990. During the previous decade, the population of the County increased by 9.9 percent from 553,124 residents in 1980.
FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION
The 2000 census recorded 63,807 foreign-born residents in Monmouth County. That was a 10.4 percent share of the overall population, which was lower than the 17.5 percent share for the state. The 2000 data showed an increase of 53.8 percent in the immigrant population since 1990, which compared with a 7.8 percent decrease in the native-born population (which includes children born to immigrants) over the same period. This meant that immigration accounted for 35.9 percent of the County's population increase.
In 2000, the Census recorded that more than one-third (35.8%) of the County's foreign-born population had entered since 1990. This was lower than the share for the state overall (41.6%). More than half (53.4%) of the foreign-born residents had become naturalized U.S. citizens. This was higher than the rate for the state overall (46.2%).
Another indicator of the impact of the foreign-born population may be seen in data on residents who speak a language other than English at home. In the County in 2000, the share of other-than-English speakers at home (age 5 and older) was 14.7 percent. More than one-third (36.5%) of those persons admitted to speaking English less than very well.
The foreign-born population of the metro area in the 1990 Census was about 41,710 residents (4.3% of the state's total immigrant population). This constituted a foreign-born population share of 7.5 percent of the county's overall population. By comparison, the foreign-born population shares of the country and the state in 1990, respectively, were 7.9 percent and 12.5 percent.
LEGAL IMMIGRATION
A study released by the Center for Immigration Studies in October 2001 indicated that there were 10,999 legal immigrants who indicated that they intended to settle in Monmouth County between FY'91-'98. This number did not include persons granted legal immigrant status as a result of the 1986 amnesty for illegal aliens. The ten countries that supplied the largest number of these new immigrants are shown below.
