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North Carolina

 

Summary Demographic State Data (and Source)
Population (2009 CB est.) 9,380,884
Population (2000 Census) 8,049,313
Foreign-Born Population (2009 CB est.) 665,270
Foreign-Born Population (2000 Census) 430,000
Share Foreign-Born (2009) 7.1%
Share Foreign-Born (2000) 5.3%
Naturalized U.S. Citizens (2009 CB est.) 203,760
Share Naturalized (2009) 30.6%
Legal Immigrant Admission (DHS 2000-2009) 141,185
Refugee Admission (HHS 2000-2009) 15,117
Illegal Alien Population (2010 FAIR est) 410,000
Cost of Illegal Aliens (2010 FAIR) $2,063,000,000
Projected 2050 Population - (2006 FAIR) 14,535,000

North Carolina: Extended Immigration Data

 

STATE POPULATION

Using the American Community Survey (ACS), the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that in July 2009 North Carolina’s population had increased to 9,380,884 residents, i.e., an increase of 1,331,571 residents since 2000. That is a rate of increase of about 1.7 percent per year. The comparable national annual rate of increase was 1.0 percent.

North Carolina Population 1900-2009

The 2000 Census found 8,049,313 persons resident in North Carolina. This was an increase of 1,420,676 persons above the 1990 Census. The annual average increase of 2.0 percent was higher than the national annual average of 1.2 percent population increase.

The 2000 population was about 270,000 more persons than the Census Bureau had expected to find in the state in 2000 when it issued its state population projections in 1996. The significance of this is that the Census Bureau concluded that much of the shortfall in their population estimates during the 1990s was due to an underestimation of the illegal alien population.

Between the 1980 and 1990 Censuses, the population of North Carolina grew by 12.7 percent (from about 5,880,095 to 6,628,637). That was an annual rate of increase of 1.2 percent. The national rate of change was 1.0 percent.

FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION

Based on the ACS, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that the foreign-born population of North Carolina was 665,270 persons in 2009. This meant a foreign-born population share of 7.1 percent.

NET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION (NIM)

Based on the Current Population Survey (CPS), the Census Bureau estimated that between the 2000 Census and July 2009 the state’s population increased by about 214,573 residents from net international migration (more foreign-born arriving than leaving). That was an annual average increase of about 23,070 residents, i.e., about one-seventh (14.4%) of the total increase (not including the children born to the immigrants after their arrival in the United States).

North Carolina Sources of Population Change 1990-99

 

North Carolina Sources of Population Change 2000-09

FOREIGN-BORN CHANGE

The amount of change since the 2000 Census estimated in the 2009 ACS was an average annual increase in the foreign-born population of about 25,300 people, which is more than one-sixth (17.7%) of the state’s annual average population increase. Since 2000, the foreign-born population has increased by 54.7 percent compared to a 14.4 percent increase in the native-born population.

Immigration also contributes to add to population growth through the children born to immigrants in this country. Nationally the share of births to the foreign-born is about double their share of the population. A 14.2 percent share of the state’s current births is large enough to account for about 17,435 births a year. Combining the increase in the foreign-born population and estimated immigrant births suggests that immigration may account for nearly 42,735 persons added to the state’s population annually, i.e., about three-tenth (29.8%) of the state’s overall population increase.

An indicator of the change in the immigrant population may be seen in data on the share of the population (age 5 and older) that speaks a language other than English at home. Between 1990 and 2000 the share of non-English speakers at home in North Carolina almost doubled, from 3.9 percent to 8.0 percent. Less than half (49.4%) of those who said they spoke a language other than English at home in 2000 also said they spoke English less than very well. In the 2009 ACS, the share of those speaking a language other than English at home had increased to 10.1 percent and of those 45.2 percent spoke English less than very well. Spanish speakers were 65.5 percent of those who spoke other than English at home, and 76.1 percent of those who spoke English less than very well.

FOREIGN-BORN CHARACTERISTICS

The 2000 Census found that 62.4 percent of North Carolina's foreign-born population had arrived in the state since 1990. This demonstrates the effects of the current mass immigration, and it is a much higher share than the national average (43.7%). In the 2009 ACS estimate, the share of arrivals since 200o was 44.2 percent (294,174 persons).

Speakers of Foreign Languages
(at home in North Carolina in the 2000 Census)
Spanish 378,940
French 32,925
German 28,500
Vietnamese 13,595
Chinese 12,835
Korean 11,385
Arabic 10,835
Miao, Hmong 7,495
Tagalog 6,520
Greek 6,405
(Source: Census Bureau report: Language Spoken at Home for the Population 5 Years and Over, April 2004)

The chart above shows the foreign-born population increasing by 54.7 percent since 2000 and the share of that population from Latin America and the Caribbean increasing by 59 percent. That region’s share of the state’s immigrant population grew from 55.8 percent to 57.3 percent in 2009.

REFUGEES

North Carolina received 15,117 refugees over the most recent ten fiscal years (FY'00-'09).

 

 

LIMITED ENGLISH PROFICIENCY STUDENTS

In North Carolina overall enrollment in 2008 (1,458,035) was 12.5 percent above enrollment in 1999. LEP enrollment was 185 percent higher than a decade earlier. 

FOREIGN STUDENTS

The 2009/2010 annual report of the Institute of International Education (IIE) lists the number of foreign students attending post-secondary school in North Carolina as 12,307. Five schools in the state are listed as having a majority of these students:

  • North Carolina S.U. – 3,262.
  • Duke U. & Med. Ctr. – 2,325
  • U. North Carolina-Chapel Hill – 1,599
  • U. North Carolina-Charlotte – 1,214
  • U. North Carolina-Greensboro. – 757

Those schools represented nearly three-fourths (74.4%) of the total foreign students in the state.

For information on foreign student issues see: Foreign Students in the United States

ILLEGAL ALIENS

 

FAIR Estimate - FAIR estimates the state’s illegal alien population as of 2010 is about 410,000 persons. This is part of an overall estimate of the U.S. illegal alien population of about 12 million persons.

INS/DHS Estimate - The INS (now dissolved into the Dept. of Homeland Security) estimated the resident illegal population in North Carolina in 2000 was 206,000 persons. This number was 184,000 higher than the INS' 1996 estimate. DHS estimated that as of 2010 the illegal alien population had increased to 390,000 persons.

Other Estimates - The Pew Hispanic Center estimated the illegal alien population of the state at 325,000 as of 2010.

COSTS OF ILLEGAL ALIENS
North Carolina Fiscal Costs In 2009
     Due to Illegal Aliens ($M)       (Pct.)
K-12 educ. $1,032.4    50.0%
LEP educ. $207.6 10.1%
Medicaid $190.5 9.2%
SCHIP $59.5 2.9%
Justice $155.4 7.5%
Welfare+ $149.7 7.3%
General $267.9 13.0%
Total $2,063.0  
Tax Receipts $103.5  
Net Cost $1,959.5  

Source: “The Fiscal Burden of Illegal Immigration on United States Taxpayers,” FAIR 2010.

POPULATION PROJECTION

We projected North Carolina’s population in 2050 likely would be between 14.22 million and 14.54 million depending on what happens with immigration policy. See “Projecting the U.S. Population to 2050: Four Immigration Scenarios,” FAIR 2006.

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North Carolina: Immigrant Admissions

 

North Carolina Immigrant Admissions
by Fiscal Year
2000 9,251
2001 13,918
2002 12,910
2003 9,479
2004 10,718
2005 16,715
2006 18,989
2007 15,469
2008 15,174
2009 18,562
Total 141,185

Recent immigrant admissions are at 1,121 percent of admissions just after adoption of the current immigration system in 1965. During the 1965-'69 period, annual admissions averaged about 1,515 immigrants. During the most recent five years, admissions averaged about 16,980 persons.

The charts below show recent immigrant admissions and the cumulative immigrant admissions data since 1965. The number of annual admissions has ranged from 1,395 in FY'66 to 18,989 in FY’06. The cumulative total of admissions to North Carolina between fiscal years 1965 and 2009 was about 258,040 immigrants.

 

 


INS DATA BY NATIONALITY: FY'93 - FY'02

The INS data below are furnished for nationals of the countries with the largest number of immigrants admitted or adjusted to legal residence each year since 1993. The absence of data means that the total number of admissions to the United States by nationals of that country was not enough to merit detailed reporting in that year.

The nationalities may change each year, so the totals in some cases will not reflect all the immigrants of that nationality who have become legal immigrants in Wyoming during this period.

The Department of Homeland Security website has detailed data on immigrant admissions since FY’03 by year and by country. (See http://www.dhs.gov/ximgtn/statistics/data/dslpr.shtm).

Immigrant Admissions by Fiscal Year
Country FY'93 FY'94 FY'95 FY'96 FY'97 FY'98 FY'99 FY'00 FY'01 FY'02 Total
Bangladesh - - - 29 20 45 49 50 3 23 216
Canada 517 429 286 356 291 266 217 499 807 503 4,171
China * 1,003 614 356 446 539 427 338 664 798 751 5,936
Colombia 62 39 46 74 53 68 64 126 200 210 942
Cuba 7 7 19 53 110 78 34 54 94 74 530
Dom. Rep. 23 32 27 40 28 33 37 42 65 65 392
Ecuador 22 - 40 23 23 42 47 48 66 75 386
El Salvador 42 31 40 80 52 68 83 152 265 245 1,058
Germany 203 210 143 - 126 141 142 158 265 179 1,567
Guatemala 30 22 33 38 42 61 86 109 149 184 754
Guyana 37 18 17 11 13 8 30 25 - 43 202
Haiti 9 13 13 37 13 15 21 24 25 44 214
Honduras 47 - - - 47 74 56 85 - 125 434
India 526 426 423 682 493 618 525 785 1,021 1,005 6,504
Iran 87 77 69 77 88 86 69 102 123 108 886
Ireland 78 94 - - 3 7 4 9 - 12 207
Jamaica 26 42 51 38 36 40 25 51 76 92 477
Japan - 65 - - 64 70 53 99 140 96 587
Korea 233 225 250 278 155 166 145 204 240 172 2,068
Mexico 341 477 407 661 466 880 931 1,390 2,103 2,247 9,903
Nicaragua - - - - 19 13 31 137 218 139 557
Nigeria - - 131 191 125 153 128 173 - 139 1,079
Pakistan 59 85 91 119 113 188 134 196 224 187 1,396
Peru 36 45 37 36 32 48 34 69 81 84 502
Philippines 290 209 262 298 241 151 117 386 419 456 2,829
Poland 62 53 35 45 23 43 44 25 47 68 445
Sov. Un. * 261 245 241 183 232 334 304 485 741 916 3,944
Trin.& Tob. - 28 - - 16 30 24 50 - 49 197
U. Kingdom 369 270 223 290 180 188 176 286 513 331 2,826
Vietnam 749 855 623 582 499 310 258 352 652 615 5,495
Yugo. * - - 88 141 111 69 48 209 361 721 1,748
Other 1,773 1,593 1,666 2,203 1,682 1,695 1,538 2,205 4,225 2,913 21,493
Total 6,892 6,204 5,617 7,011 5,935 6,415 5,792 9,251 13,918 12,910 79,945

A dash (-) indicates that the data for that year were not published for that country in the INS Statistical Yearbook.
* China data include Hong Kong and Taiwan. Former USSR data continued since break-up (except FY'96-'97 and ‘01 include only Russia and Ukraine). Former Yugoslavia data continued since break-up.

The 31 nationalities above represent nearly three-quarters (73.1%) of all immigrant settlement and adjustment in North Carolina during this ten-year period. Mexico accounted for nearly one-eighth (12.4%) of North Carolina's new immigrants during the period. With immigrants from India, China, and Vietnam added to those from Mexico, they total more than one-third (34.8%) of all immigrant admissions during the period. 

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North Carolina : Poll Data

 

Rasmussen Poll: Arizona Law SB 1070
July 2010

Suppose the new Arizona immigration law was being considered for your state. Would you favor or oppose passage of that law in your state?

The U.S. Justice Department has decided to challenge the legality of Arizona’s new immigration law in federal court. Do you agree or disagree with the decision to challenge the legality of Arizona’s new immigration law?

 

 

A Rasmussen Reports in partnership with FOX Television Stations, Inc. conducted on October 18, 2007 of 500 Likely Voters found:


  • 71% of the state’s voters say it is “very important to for the government to improve border enforcement and reduce illegal immigration.”
  • If given a choice, 53% believe the state should deport all the illegal immigrants it can as opposed to “accept the illegal immigrants who are already here and then preventing more from entering the state.”

An Elon University poll taken from April 16-19, 2007 of 476 adults found that:

  • 93% believe that illegal immigration is either a very important issue (65.3%) or a somewhat important issue (27%).
  • 63% disagree (34% strongly disagree) with proposals that would allow undocumented immigrants to stay in the country for several years as long as they have employment.
  • 56% think that immigrants are a burden on the state because of the jobs, housing and health care they take.
  • 50.4 agree that Hispanic and Latinos have had a negative impact on North Carolina.
  • Controlling immigration tied with improving public education as the issue that needs the most attention from the state government. (September, 2006, Civitas Institute poll of 800 registered voters)
  • Nearly 80% of North Carolina residents believe the state should not give illegal immigrants driver’s licenses.
  • Nearly 60% believe illegal immigrants who commit crimes should be deported.
  • 90% of those polled this month believe North Carolina has an illegal immigration problem.
  • Nearly 80% believe companies who hire illegal immigrants should be fined if caught. (August, 2005, Civitas Institute poll of 800 registered voters.)

According to the Raleigh News and Observer newspaper, a poll by the Civitas Institute, a conservative North Carolina group, found in a state-wide poll released June 29, 2005 that 20% of North Carolinians identified immigration control as a top issue (exceeded only by jobs, lower health care costs and public education). The poll also found that three-fourths of the respondents are opposed to in-state tuition for illegal aliens according to a news account by Raleigh-Durham’s TV Channel 14 news.

A poll conducted in November 2003 by Research 2000 for The News & Observer (sampling error margin +/- 4%age points) found large majorities in favor of reducing legal immigration and against allowing illegal aliens to stay in the country. Asked about the level of legal immigration, 74% responded that it is too high. Asked if illegal Mexican workers should be allowed to stay, 73% said no. ("Welcome mat not out for state's immigrants, poll shows", The News & Observer November 24, 2003)

  • 74% of North Carolinians think the United States admits too many legal immigrants.
  • 73% said illegal aliens should not be allowed to remain in the United States. (News & Observer Poll, November 2003)

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North Carolina: Immigration Impact


ENVIRONMENTAL AND QUALITY OF LIFE PROFILE

Water:North Carolina has a per-capita water usage of 117.4 gallons each day.1 This means that by 2050 human use of water will increase by 666 million gallons each day.1

A state that has been plagued by drought in recent years, North Carolina is not prepared to handle the increasing demand for water. Currently 97 percent of the state is in some form of drought.2 Substantial parts of 39 counties are suffering from extreme or severe drought.3 The water table is very depleted with 79 percent of North Carolina's topsoil conditions considered "very dry".4

Throughout the state, sweeping efforts to save water have been made, as the severity of the shortage has become acute. For example, the city of Durham has made the switch to a tiered water rate system, charging higher per-gallon rates for those who consume more water.5 On a state level, pending legislation, if passed, would enforce uniform conservation measures across the state. This would oblige some regions to transfer water to others in greater need, as well as establishing government accountability for water pumped by farmers.6

Last year, North Carolina lost approximately $500 million in crops due to the water shortage. Additionally, drought-fueled wildfires destroyed roughly 37,000 acres last year, nearly double the 10 year average.7 Exacerbated by population growth, North Carolina's water resources are being stretched ever thinner.

Disappearing Open Space: North Carolina developed 1.7 million acres between 1982 and 1997, making it one of the fastest developing states.8 Since 1982, North Carolina has developed 156,000 acres a year, ranking it in the top five states for acres of rural land lost to development.8,9 During the past nine years, North Carolina's Costal Plains region lost 187,000 acres of timberland to urban uses.10 A federal study estimated that the state could lose 5.5 million acres of timberland by 2040 due to urban growth.11 North Carolina was ranked 4th by the American Farmland Trust for farm acreage loss. 12

A recent two-year federal study of Southern forests found that North Carolina stands to lose the most timberland to urban growth — nearly 5.5 million acres by 2040.13

School Overcrowding: School crowding, particularly at the high school level, has become a statewide issue. Between 2000 and 2006 the student population of North Carolina's k-12 students increased by over 140,000 students,14,15  and is projected to grow by an additional 143,000 students by the year 2015.16

During the past decade, North Carolina was home to three of the fastest-growing school districts in the nation.17 The growth in North Carolina's high school enrollment during the next decade will be fourth largest in the country, according to the U.S. Department of Education.18

One in every ten students, or 3,000 students, in Durham attend class in mobile trailers, many of which are decades old and dilapidated. The district's rate of growth could fill up a new elementary school every year.19 Some schools have even run out of room for more trailers.20 Asheboro and Randolph have spent more than $150 million in the past ten years building schools, renovating schools, and adding classrooms to deal with increased enrollment.21 Chapel Hill expects its high schools to reach 126 percent of their capacity in the next three years.22

In Iredell-Statesville, one elementary school is so overcrowded; the fifth-graders were shifted to a middle school. A Union County elementary is now larger than two of the district's high schools. And crowding has forced some Charlotte-Mecklenburg schools to hold classes in computer labs or libraries. Growth continues to overwhelm schools across the Charlotte region, recently released data show, and the problem will likely worsen. Districts cannot add mobiles or build schools fast enough, and the number of newcomers is still ballooning. "Next year, (classes) will be in the cafeteria and the auditorium — I will not have a choice," said Joel Ritchie, principal of Butler High School in Matthews. "I'm just not going to have additional space".23

Traffic: As population growth put more traffic on the roads, the average commute for North Carolina residents increased 21 percent during the 1990s, to 24 minutes in 2000. This was a much faster rate of increase than the national average of 14 percent.24,25 42% of North Carolina's major urban roads are congested. 34% of North Carolina's major roads are in poor or mediocre condition, and vehicle travel on North Carolina's highways increased 50% from 1990 to 2003. Driving on roads in need of repair costs North Carolina motorists $1.7 billion a year in extra vehicle repairs and operating costs — $282 per motorist. Congestion in the Charlotte metropolitan area costs commuters $791 per person per year in excess fuel and lost time, and congestion in the Raleigh metropolitan area costs commuters $460 per person per year in excess fuel and lost time.26

Travelers in the Charlotte, NC-South Carolina area experience an annual delay of 51 hours, a number that ranks 13th in the U.S. In the Raleigh-Durham area, travelers experience an annual delay of 27 hours.27 12 percent of commuters have a commute that is 45 minutes or more.28

Between 1989 and 1998, the number of vehicle miles driven in the state increased 37 percent. The number of congested intersections quadrupled in Greensboro during the 1990s.29 In the Triad, the number of miles driven is expected to jump from 2.8 million miles per day in 1994 to 40 million miles per day in 2025.30

Sprawl: North Carolina is one of the states most threatened most by sprawl, according to an American Planning Association report. North Carolina developed 1.7 million acres from 1982 to 1997; the 37 percent increase was the eighth highest in the country. Almost 15 percent of the state's developable land had been built on as of 1997, the tenth highest percentage in the country. Since 1982, North Carolina has consistently ranked in the top five states in the number of acres converted each year to urban uses (about 240 square miles a year).31

A study of urban sprawl between 1970 and 1990 that calculated the impact of population increase and per capita land use found that 241.7 square miles of additional land were consumed by urban sprawl in the Charlotte metropolitan area, and 59.1 percent of that sprawl was attributable to population increase. In the Raleigh metro area sprawl consumed an additional 105.4 square miles and population increase accounted for 76.3 percent of the increase.32

Air Pollution: More people means more traffic and more development, leading to more air pollution. Mecklenburg and Wake counties (which grew by 36 and 48 percent, respectively) are among the 25 counties in the country with the worst air pollution, according to the American Lung Association.33 In the Triad, which the American Lung Association has added to its list of the 25 most ozone-polluted regions in the U.S., the number of unhealthy air quality days nearly doubled in the last decade.34

26 of North Carolina's 100 counties received a grade of "F" from the American Lung Association in their "State of the Air 2005 "report. Three other counties received a grade of "D".35

Waste: North Carolina's trash generation could double to 13 million tons by 2010 if current growth rates continue, according to the state's annual solid waste report.36  North Carolina currently produces 1.08 tons of solid waste per capita.37

Poverty: In 2005 21.8 percent of immigrants in North Carolina had incomes below the poverty level, an increase of 50.7 percent since 2000. Among the foreign born the poverty rate climbs to 26.3 percent.38

Crowded Housing: Studies show that a rise in crowded housing often correlates with an increase in the number of foreign-born.39,40  In 2005 over 67,0000 of the state's households were defined as crowded or severely crowded by housing authorities.41 In Chatham County, an Affordable Housing Coalition study found that an influx of low-income and often illegal immigrants has put pressure on the rental market and led to crowding problems and substandard housing.42

Endnotes:

  1. U.S. Geological Survey 2000.
  2. U.S. Drought Monitor. June 2008.
  3. Amy Pickle. "The new normal: managed water." News and Observer. June 21, 2008.
  4. Ulbrich, Suzanne. "Onslow, Carteretfeel drought." Jacksonville News. June 20, 2008.
  5. Carolina News 14. "Durham changes to tiered water rate." June 23, 2008.
  6. John Hood. "Wait For Facts on Water Regulations." Lincoln Tribune. June 22, 2008.
  7. Jim Sparks. "NC Drought Deepens in Just a Week." Winston-Salem Journal. June 20, 2008.
  8. Associated Press, "Study Says Sprawl Threatens N.C. as Rapid Development Continues," Herald-Sun, December 2, 2000.
  9. Ibid.
  10. Kenwyn Caranna, "Drivers in Triad Rack up the Miles," News & Record, January 4, 2001.
  11. Allen Breed, "Sprawl, Not Logging, Top Threat to Forests," Associated Press, May 25, 2002.
  12. Ibid.
  13. American Farmland Trust, "Farming on the Edge."
  14. Allen Breed, "Sprawl, Not Logging, Top Threat to Forests," Associated Press, May 25, 2002.
  15. "Overview of Public Elementary and Secondary Schools and Districts: School Year 1999-2000," National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education.
  16. "Public Elementary and Secondary School Student Enrollment, High School Completions, and Staff From the Common Core of Data: School Year 2005-06', National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, June 2007.
  17. Projections of Education Statistics to 2015, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education.
  18. Cynthia Jeffries and Phillip Reese, "High School Enrollment Crisis Grows," News & Record, February 10, 2001.
  19. Cynthia Jeffries and Phillip Reese, op. cit.
  20. Rebecca E. Eden, "Leaders Meet on School Crowding," Herald-Sun, May 1, 2001.
  21. Editorial, "Crowded Schools Require Rejiggering," Wilmington Star-News, March 14, 2001.
  22. Cynthia Jeffries and Phillip Reese, op. cit.
  23. Neil Offen, "City High Schools Going Mobile," Chapel Hill Herald, October 6, 2002.
  24. Report Card for America's Infrastructure 2005," American Society of Civil Engineers.
  25. "Table DP-1-4, Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000," Census 2000, U.S. Census Bureau.
  26. "Table DP-1-4, Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 1990," 1990 Census, U.S. Census Bureau.
  27. Report Card for America's Infrastructure 2005," American Society of Civil Engineers.
  28. Paul Muschick, "Rough Riding," News & Record, September 30, 2002.
  29. "U.S. Population 2007 Data Sheet," Population Reference Bureau.
  30. Kenwyn Caranna, "Drivers in Triad Rack up the Miles," News & Record, January 4, 2001. 31 "North Carolina Among Fastest-Developing States," Associated Press, December 1, 2000.
  31. Paul Muschick, "Growth and the Environment," News & Record, September 30, 2002.
  32. Beck, Roy and Leon Kolankiewicz, "Weighing Sprawl Factors in Large U.S. Cities," Numbers USA, March 2001.
  33. "North Carolina Among Fastest-Developing States," Associated Press, December 1, 2000.
  34. Paul Muschick, "Growth and the Environment," News & Record, September 30, 2002.
  35. "State of the Air 2005: North Carolina", American Lung Association.
  36. Report Card for America's Infrastructure 2005," American Society of Civil Engineers
  37. Report Card for America's Infrastructure 2005," American Society of Civil Engineers.
  38. "North Carolina State Factsheet," Migration Information Source, Migration Policy Institute.
  39. Randy Capps, "Hardship Among Children of Immigrants: Findings from the 1999 National Survey of America's Families," Urban Institute, 2001.
  40. Haya El Nasser, "U.S. Neighborhoods Grow More Crowded," USA Today, July 7, 2002.
  41. Selected Housing Characteristics: 2005 Data Set- 2005 American Community Survey, American Fact Finder, U.S. Census Bureau.
  42. Geoffrey Graybeal, "Chatham Coalition Begins Housing Study," Chapel Hill Herald, October 18, 2002.

 

Other Resources  

State Local Reform Organizations

State Representatives Voting Record

 

Updated December 2011


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